Medicare is broken down into 4 parts: Medicare Part A, Medicare Part B, Medicare Part C or Medicare Advantage, and Medicare Part D.

Medicare Part A is the Original Medicare. You are automatically enrolled in the Original Medicare Plan which is managed by the federal government. Medicare Part A is the hospital insurance. It covers inpatient hospital care, inpatient care in a skilled nursing facility, home health care, and hospice care. You don’t usually have to pay a premium for Part A because the individual paid Medicare taxes while working.

Medicare Part B is a medical insurance offered by the federal government to eligible beneficiaries. Medicare Part B covers physician services, non-physician services, diagnostic tests, lab services, and ambulance transportation. Preventative care is also covered by Part B. Most people have to pay a premium for Part B.

Medicare Part C, or Medicare Advantage is a combination of Part A and Part B. Medicare Advantage plans are private health plans provided by private insurance companies. Part C is an alternative to Original Medicare and offers extra benefits. Part C plans include Medicare Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), Medicare Preferred Provider Organization (PPO), Medicare Private Fee for Service (PFFS), and Medicare Medical Savings Account (MSA).

Medicare Part D is a prescription drug coverage that helps pay for outpatient prescriptions drugs. You can either add Part D to your Original Medicare Plan or join an HMO or PPO that includes Part D coverage.

Just like choosing health insurance, Medicare insurance should be tailored to your needs. You can choose a plan based on premiums and out of pocket costs, additional benefits, whether referrals are needed, and whether the doctor you currently have is in network or out of network. After you have researched and gathered all the information necessary to make an informed decision, it is then time to choose from a variety of plans that suit your needs.

• Part A: Hospital insurance- helps pay for hospice care, inpatient hospital care, and skilled nursing facility care. Individuals are entitled to Part A if they contributed payroll taxes for 10 years or more while they worked.
• Part B: Supplementary Medical Insurance- helps pay for physician services, outpatient care, preventive services, x-rays, diagnostic tests, and mental health services. It is funded primarily by premiums.
• Part C: Medicare Advantage- provides care through managed care plans. Plan C provides Parts A, B, and D benefits.
• Part D: Prescription drug plan- enrollment is voluntary and is provided by private prescription drug plans or Medicare Advantage prescription drug plans.
• Medigap- refers to private supplemental health insurance plans sold to Medicare beneficiaries. It covers medical expenses that may not be covered by the Original Medicare plan.
• Original Medicare- a fee-for-service plan that covers many health care services and drugs but doesn’t pay for all health care costs. There are costs such as coinsurance, copayments, and deductibles that you must pay. It includes Medicare Part A and Medicare Part B.
• Monthly premium- a monthly payment to Medicare, an insurance company, health care plan or drug plan for health coverage.
• Annual deductible- The amount you pay for medical services and prescriptions before your health insurance plan or Medicare plan kicks in and begins to pay.
• Coinsurance- The amount you may be required to pay for services after you pay any deductibles.
• Copayment- an amount you pay for services such as a doctor’s visit or specialist visits regardless of whether you have fully paid your deductible.

These are just some of the terms you should be familiar with when you are dealing with your Medicare plan or when you are choosing a Supplemental Medicare plan. They can help you to better understand the process and make an informed decision about the right plan to choose. Other ways to stay informed is to talk to your health insurance representative or carrier and stay current with insurance news.